UNIT 1 – CONDUCTING MATERIALS
PART A
1. Classify the solid materials based on
their conductivity.
2. Define free electrons
3. State classical free electron theory.
4. State quantum free electron theory.
5. State band theory
6. What is drift velocity?
7. Define mobility of an electron
8. State Ohm’s law.
9. What is co-efficient of electricity?
10.
Write
an expression for electrical conductivity.
11.
Define
the thermal conductivity of materials..
12.
State
Widemann – Franz law.
13.
Define
Lorentz number and give its value.
14.
Distinguish
between electrical and thermal conductivity.
15.
State
the success and drawbacks of classical free electron theory.
16.
Define
Fermi energy level.
17.
State
the Fermi function.
18.
Define
the density of state.
19.
What
is carrier concentration of a metal?
20.
Define
work function.
21.
What
is Fermi – Dirac distribution function?
22.
Define
relaxation time.
23.
Define
the terms ‘mean free path’ and ‘mean collision time.
24.
Why
I = E/ρ is called microscopical form of Ohm’s law.
25.
Evaluate
the value of Fermi distribution function for an energy KT above the Fermi
energy.
PART B
1. How the electron moving differs with
respect to the applied electric field?
2. Distinguish between the electrical
and thermal conductivity.
3. Mention the drawbacks of classical
free electron theory.
4. List out the success of classical
free electron theory.
5. What is Fermi energy level and give
its importance?
6. How the temperature affects the Fermi
function
7. Show that the Fermi energy at 0K is 
8. Show that the Fermi energy at 0K is 
PART C
1. Obtain the expression for electrical
conductivity
2. Show the thermal conductivity of a
conductor is 
3. Define Wiedemann-Franz law and how
the Lorentz number differs by comparing classical and quantum theories.
4. Discuss the energy distribution of
electrons in metals.
5. Obtain the expression of density of
states for conductors.
6. What is work function? List out the
different energies employed for work function
UNIT 2 – SEMICONDUCTING MATERIALS
PART A
1. Define semiconductors.
2. Classify the semiconductors to
various types.
3. Define elemental semiconductors and
give some examples.
4. Define compound semiconductors and
give some example.
5. What is an intrinsic semiconductor
and give some examples.
6. What is an extrinsic semiconductor
and give some examples.
7. Define P – type and N- type
semiconductors?
8. What is doping?
9. What is an impurity and give the
types of impurities?
10.
What
are the properties of semiconductors?
11.
Distinguish
between elemental and compound semi – conductors.
12.
Define
valence electron and conduction electron.
13.
What
is conduction band and valence band?
14.
What
is an energy band?
15.
What
is forbidden energy gap?
16.
What
is positive temperature co-efficient of resistance?
17.
What
is negative temperature co-efficient of resistance?
18.
Write
the expressions for Density of electrons in conduction band and density of
holes in valence band.
19.
Write
notes on intrinsic carrier concentration.
20.
How
the P – type and N – type semiconductors are formed?
21.
State
the Hall – Coefficient and hall voltage.
22.
Write
an expression for Hall co-efficient in terms of Hall voltage.
23.
List
out the applications of Hall Effect.
24.
What
are donors and acceptors?
25.
How
the Fermi level varies with temperature in an extrinsic semiconductor?
26.
How
the Fermi level varies with temperature in an intrinsic semiconductor?
27.
What
happens when the temperature increases in the case of semiconductors and
conductors?
28.
How
will you distinguish N-type and P-type semiconductors using Hall-co-efficient?
29.
What
is Fermi level in semiconductors?
30.
Why
we prefer Si for transistors and GaAs for diodes.
PART B
1. Discuss about elemental and compound
semicondutors
2. Classify the semiconducting
materials.
3. State negative temperature
co-efficient of resistance. How the
electrical conductivity of a semiconductor is directly proportional to the
temperature
4. How to determine the band gap energy
of intrinsic semiconductors.
5. How P – type semiconductors are
formed?
6. How N – type semiconductors are
formed?
7. List out any four applications of
Hall effect.
8. Obtain an equation for Hall
coefficient in terms of Hall voltage.
9. Discuss the experimental
determination of Hall Effect.
PART C
1. What are semiconductors? List out any
four properties of semiconductors?
2. Distinguish between elemental and
compound semiconductors.
3. Derive the expressions for density of
holes in valence band
4. Derive the expressions for density of
electrons in conduction band.
5. How the temperature affects the Fermi
energy level and carrier concentration in an intrinsic semiconductors.
6. Obtain the density of electrons and
holes in terms of Eg in intrinsic semiconductors.
7. Obtain the expression for Fermi
energy of N- type semiconductors.
8. How the temperature affects the Fermi
energy level and carrier concentration in N - type semiconductors.
9. Obtain the expression for Fermi
energy of P- type semiconductors.
10.
How
the temperature affects the Fermi energy level and carrier concentration in P -
type semiconductors.
11.
State
Hall Effect. What are the importances of
Hall Effect.
12.
Discuss
the Hall Effect in P-type semiconductors.
13.
Discuss
the Hall Effect in N-type semiconductors.
UNIT 3 –
DIELECTRIC MATERIALS
PART A
1. Define an insulator.
2. What are dielectrics?
3. What is an electric polarization?
4. What is electric susceptibility?
5. What is the relation between P and E?
6. What is dielectric constant?
7. Classify the dielectrics.
8. What are active and passive
dielectrics?
9. Give some examples for active and
passive dielectrics.
10.
What
are polar and non – polar dielectrics?
11.
Distinguish
between polar and non – polar molecules.
12.
What
are the types of electric polarization?
13.
What
is an electronic polarization?
14.
What
is an ionic polarization?
15.
What
is an orientation polarization?
16.
What
is space charge polarization?
17.
Write
down an expression for total polarization in dielectric materials.
18.
Write
an expression for Claussius Mossotti relation.
19.
Define
dielectric loss.
20.
What
is dielectric break down?
21.
What
are the types of dielectric breakdown?
22.
What
is an intrinsic break down?
23.
What
is an avalanche breakdown?
24.
What
is thermal breakdown?
25.
What
is chemical; and electrochemical breakdown?
26.
What
is discharge breakdown?
27.
What
is defect breakdown?
28.
What
are the applications of dielectrics?
29.
What
are the remedies for breakdown mechanisms?
30.
State
Ferro electricity.
31.
What
is curies temperature in dielectrics?
32.
What
are non-linear dielectrics?
33.
What
is spontaneous magnetization?
34.
What
are the applications of Ferro electric materials?
35.
What
is Piezo – electricity?
PART B
1.
Discuss
the orientation polarization in dielectric materials.
2.
Obtain
the total electric polarization in dielectrics.
3.
List
out the various types of dielectric breakdown.
4.
State
ferro electricity and ferro electrics.
5.
Explain
the hysteresis curve for ferro electricity.
6.
List
out the types of dielectric breakdown.
PART C
1.
Write
a brief note about the electrical susceptibility and dielectric constant.
2.
Obtain
an expression for electronic polarization in dielectric materials.
3.
Derive
an expression for ionic polarization in dielectric materials.
4.
How
the frequency and temperature affects the electrical polarizations of
dielectrics.
5.
What
is meant by local field in a dielectric and how it is calculated?
6.
Deduce
Clussisus Mossotti relation.
7.
Discuss
about the loss in dielectrics.
8.
Explain
the various types of dielectric breakdown.
9.
What
are the uses of dielectrics in capacitors?
10.
What
are the uses of dielectrics in transformers?
11.
List
out the properties of ferro electricity.
12.
List
out the applications of ferro electricity.
UNIT IV – THERMAL
PHYSICS
PART A
1. State the thermodynamics of a matter.
2. What is thermal conduction?
3. What is thermal conductivity of a
substance?
4. What are the models of heat transfer?
5. State the laws of thermodynamics.
6. State the Newton law of cooling.
7. What are phonons?
8. State the thermal diffusivity of
materials.
9. What are good conductors?
10.
What
are bad conductors?
11.
List the methods used for study the thermal
conductivity of good and bad conductors.
12.
What
are the types of radial flow of heat?
13.
What
are the basic entities responsible for thermal conduction of a solid?
14.
Distinguish between electrical and heat
conduction.
15.
What
are the demerits of Forbe’s experiment of estimating thermal conductivity of
good conductors?
16.
What is the operational principle of Lee’s disc?
PART B
1.
Solve
the theory of heat flow along a bar for steady state condition.
2.
Discuss
the special cases of heat flow along a bar.
3.
List
out the merits and demerit in Forbe’s method experiment for the determination
of thermal conductivity of good conductors.
4.
List
out the practical applications of conduction.
PART C
1. Discuss the theory of heat flow along
a bar.
2. Discuss the theory of thermal
conductivity of good conductors.
3. Discuss the Forbe’s method experiment
for the determination of thermal conductivity of good conductors.
4. Discuss the theory of thermal
conductivity of bad conductors.
5. Discuss the Lee’s method experiment
for the determination of thermal conductivity of bad conductors.
6. Discuss the radial flow of heat
through the sides of a tube.
7. Discuss the radial flow of heat
through the wall of a spherical shell.
8. Discuss the thermal conductivity of
rubber.
UNIT 5 – NON
– DESTRUCTIVE TESTING
PART A
1.
What
is meant by non destructive testing?
2.
What
is meant by destructive testing?
3.
Distinguish
between destructive and non-destructive testing methods.
4.
What
are the types of NDT methods?
5.
What
is radiography?
6.
What
is meant by radiation gauging?
7.
What
is meant by fluoroscopy?
8.
What
are the classifications of testing methods?
9.
What
are the types of radiography?
10.
Define
exposure factor.
11.
What
are the applications of X – ray radiographic techniques?
12.
What
is the working principle of X – ray radiographic displacement method?
13.
What
are the merits and demerits of X – ray radiographic displacement method?
14.
What
are the limitations of X – ray radiographic displacement method?
15.
What
is meant by liquid penetrant testing?
16.
What
is the basic principle of liquid penetrant testing?
17.
What
are the characteristics of liquid pentrant testing materials?
18.
What are the applications of liquid pentrant
testing method?
19.
What the limitations of liquid pentrant
testing method?
20.
What
are the advantages of liquid pentrant testing method?
21.
What
are the radiation hazards in radiology?
22.
What
are inspection methods in ultrasonic inspection techniques?
23.
What
is the working principle of ultrasonic flaw detector?
24.
What
are the merits of ultrasonic flaw detection method?
25.
What
are the demerits of ultrasonic flaw detection method?
26.
What
are the applications of ultrasonic methods?
27.
What are the limitations of tltrasonic methods
28.
What is mean by thermography?
29.
What
is basic principle of thermo grapy technique?
30.
What are the advantages of thermo graphic
studies?
31.
What
are the applications of thermo graphic studies?
PART B
1.
Discuss
the production of x ray radiography
2.
List
out the merits and demerits of X – ray radiography
3.
What
are the applications of X – ray radiography
4.
What
are the advantages and disadvantages of X-ray fluoroscopy?
5.
What
are the applications of X – ray fluoroscopy?
6.
What
are the advantages and disadvantages of liquid penetrant method?
7.
What
are the applications of liquid penetrant method?
8.
What
are the advantages and disadvantages of ultrasonic flaw detection?
9.
What
are the types of thermographic techniques?
10.
What
are the merits and demerits of thermographic techniques?
11.
What
are the tapplications of thermographic techniques?
PART C
1.
Discuss
the X – ray radiographic displacement method
2.
Discuss
the X – ray fluoroscopy technique
3.
Discuss
the experimental procedure for liquid pentrant method
4.
Discuss
the method of ultrasonic flaw detector
5.
Explain
the construction of thermo graphic technique.
6.
How
did you record the thermographic images?
1.
Discuss
the production of x ray radiography
2.
List
out the merits, demerits and applications of X – ray radiographic techniques
3.
List
out the merits demerits and applications of liquid pentrant method
No comments:
Post a Comment